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Historical Background
Philip II (1556-1598). 1 real. (1591). Madrid. C. (Cal-216). (Jarabo-Sanahuja-A218). . 2,25 g. Full data, with date and legends absent due to clipping. Variety with dot above the denomination to the right of the shield. Soft toning. Extremely rare, only three other specimens are known.
Slabbed by NGC as Clipped.
One of the most significant administrative reforms of Philip II’s reign was the definitive establishment of the Court in Madrid, a city which, at that time, lacked a permanent mint. It is within this exceptional context that the Madrid coinage of 1591 must be understood: a short-lived experimental issue produced in the former houses of Jacome Trezzo by means of the so-called Ingenio de la Tijera, a mechanical process devised by Miguel de la Cerda with the aim of obtaining more regular flans and a superior quality of strike.
Unlike the hydraulic technology employed at the Royal Mint of Segovia, these Madrid trials relied on silver and technical personnel transferred from Toledo, resulting in a very limited series of coins bearing the M mintmark and the C assayer’s initial, attributed to Melchor Rodríguez del Castillo.
Although the date is no longer visible on the present specimen, its fabric, typology, mintmark and assayer’s mark allow its attribution to this remarkable Madrid issue of 1591, one of the most noteworthy episodes in the technological development of Spanish coinage in the late sixteenth century. Choice VF. Est...1500,00.
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